JJM
Jal Jeevan Mission — Har Ghar Jal
Jal Jeevan Mission is India's most ambitious rural infrastructure programme — providing piped tap water to every rural household for the first time in history. Launched on 15 August 2019, it targets 19.3 crore rural households — India's entire rural population.
**Why JJM Matters:**
Before JJM, only 3.23 crore (17%) rural households had tap water connections. The rest depended on hand pumps, open wells, ponds, rivers, or seasonal sources — often contaminated with bacteria, fluoride, arsenic, or nitrates. Women and girls walked hours daily to collect water. JJM transforms this — bringing tap water to the doorstep.
**The 55 LPCD Standard:**
JJM doesn't just provide any tap — it mandates a "Functional Household Tap Connection" (FHTC) delivering at least 55 litres per capita per day (LPCD) of potable water on a regular basis. This includes:
- A functional in-premises or nearby tap
- Connected to a sustainable water source
- Regular supply (not just once a week)
- Potable quality (within WHO/BIS standards)
**How Implementation Works:**
1. Gram Panchayat prepares a Village Action Plan (VAP) with Paani Samiti
2. State government contracts infrastructure works (pipelines, overhead tanks, treatment plants)
3. District PHED (Public Health Engineering Department) oversees construction
4. On completion, FHTC counted when household has a working tap with regular supply
5. Gram Panchayat / VWSC collects water user charges for O&M sustainability
**Water Quality Challenge:**
Many rural areas face groundwater contamination — fluoride (Rajasthan, UP), arsenic (Bihar, WB, Assam), iron (NE states), and nitrates. JJM provides 5-parameter field test kits to communities. "Jal Kalyan" teams test water sources. Villages with contamination issues get bulk water supply from treatment plants rather than groundwater.
**Schools and Anganwadis:**
JJM mandates tap water connections in every rural school and anganwadi (pre-school) as a priority. As of 2025, 97%+ of rural schools and 93%+ of anganwadis have been provided tap water — a transformative change for children's health and hygiene.
**The Funding Structure:**
Centre:State funding ratio: 90:10 for Himalayan/NE states, J&K, Ladakh; 50:50 for other states. J&K and Ladakh receive 100% Central funding. States contribute from their own budgets under this ratio.
Key Objectives
- Provide FHTC to every rural household — universal potable water access.
- Supply minimum 55 LPCD potable water on a regular and sustained basis.
- Ensure water quality through field testing and contamination treatment.
- Provide 100% tap water coverage to rural schools, anganwadis, and PHCs.
- Build community ownership — Gram Panchayats manage and maintain water supply infrastructure.
Benefits
Eligibility
- Every rural household in India — no income, caste, or religion restriction
- Priority to SC/ST households, PMAY-G beneficiaries, and aspirational district villages
- All rural schools, anganwadis, and primary health centres
- Village must be covered under the state's phased JJM implementation plan
- Community forms Paani Samiti / VWSC for O&M management
- Gram Sabha must pass resolution supporting JJM implementation
How to Apply
No individual application — JJM is implemented at village/Gram Panchayat level
Check if your village is covered on ejalshakti.gov.in → JJM Dashboard → Village Status
If not covered: approach your Gram Panchayat to include village in next phase
Gram Panchayat passes resolution and prepares Village Action Plan (VAP)
State PHED implements infrastructure — pipelines, overhead tank, treatment plant
Household tap connection provided as part of village-level works
Paani Samiti formed — manages O&M, collects water charges
For problems after connection: contact Paani Samiti, Gram Panchayat, or JJM helpline
Required Documents
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I check if my village has received JJM water connections?
Visit ejalshakti.gov.in → JJM Dashboard → Select your State → District → Block → Village. You will see the total households in your village, FHTCs provided, and percentage coverage. If your village shows 100% but you haven't received a connection, file a grievance on the same portal.
What is 'Har Ghar Jal' certification and what does it mean for my village?
Har Ghar Jal certified villages are those where all households have functional tap connections delivering at least 55 LPCD of potable water. After achieving 100% FHTC, the Gram Sabha passes a resolution, a state team verifies, and the village is designated 'Har Ghar Jal'. Over 1.7 lakh villages have been certified as of 2025. It signals complete, verified coverage — not just pipes laid.
My village has a tap connection but water comes only once a week. Is this FHTC?
No. An FHTC must provide regular, adequate water supply — not once a week. Irregular supply is an O&M failure. Steps: (1) Raise with your Paani Samiti/VWSC; (2) Complain to Gram Panchayat; (3) File online grievance at ejalshakti.gov.in; (4) Contact your block PHED office. Irregular supply despite infrastructure is often due to pump failures or borewell issues — PHED must fix these.
Does JJM provide water for irrigation or only drinking?
JJM is exclusively for domestic use — drinking, cooking, and personal hygiene (Minimum 55 LPCD per person). Irrigation water is handled by separate agriculture/water resource ministry schemes (PMKSY, PMFBY). Diverting JJM tap water supply for irrigation is prohibited as it depletes the domestic supply.
What is the Paani Samiti and why should I participate?
Paani Samiti (also called Village Water and Sanitation Committee/VWSC) is the community body that manages the local water supply system after JJM infrastructure is handed over. It collects water user charges, manages repairs, monitors water quality, and ensures O&M. Without an active Paani Samiti, JJM infrastructure deteriorates. Women must constitute at least 50% of Paani Samiti membership — it is a vehicle for women's leadership in village governance.
Which states have achieved 100% JJM coverage?
States that have achieved 100% FHTC to rural households: Goa, Telangana, Haryana, Gujarat, Punjab, and Himachal Pradesh — as of 2025. Several UTs (Puducherry, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Lakshadweep, A&N Islands) have also achieved 100%. States still progressing include UP, Bihar, Rajasthan, Assam, Jharkhand, and Odisha.