Visual Mapping System
LawCodeHub Ecosystem
A visual guide to understanding the structural transformation of India's legal framework, and how new codes interact with unchanged Special Local Laws.
The Overhaul of Primary Criminal Laws
IPC 1860
Substantive Crime
BNS 2023
CrPC 1973
Procedural Law
BNSS 2023
IEA 1872
Rules of Evidence
BSA 2023
Applied Simultaneously With
Unchanged Special & Local Laws
Motor Vehicles Act
Negotiable Instruments Act
POCSO Act 2012
Deep Dive: IPC to BNS Section Changes
Select a category below to see explicitly how legacy sections have transitioned under the new code.
IPC (Old Code)
Transformation Logic
BNS (New Code)
Understanding the Transformation
The transition from the **Indian Penal Code (1860)** to the **Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (2023)** isn't just about renumbering. It represents a systematic shift in how crimes reach the state.
- SplitSections like **IPC 302** have been broken down into multiple sub-sections (e.g. BNS 103 for murder vs mob lynching).
- ModifiedPunishments have been enhanced or simplified—most notably in property and public safety crimes.
- DirectCore legal principles remain identical to preserve over 160 years of judicial precedent.