evidenceEnglish origin
Hearsay Evidence
An out-of-court statement offered to prove what was stated � generally inadmissible but subject to exceptions.
Full Definition
Hearsay is inadmissible because the maker is not before the court for cross-examination. The Indian Evidence Act achieves the same result � only personally perceived facts are admissible as direct evidence. Key exceptions: dying declarations, admissions, public documents.
In Indian Law
Section 60 Indian Evidence Act (Section 56 BSA 2023): oral evidence must be direct. Section 65B governs electronic records. Dying declaration (Section 32) is the most important hearsay exception in criminal cases.