Extradition
The formal process of surrendering a person from one country to another to face criminal proceedings.
Full Definition
Extradition is the process by which a country (the requested state) surrenders a person found on its territory to another country (the requesting state) to stand trial or serve a sentence. Extradition requires: an extradition treaty between the countries, the offence must be serious (dual criminality � crime in both countries), and the person must not face political persecution or death penalty (in countries that have abolished it). The person can resist extradition on grounds of speciality, political offence, or human rights.
In Indian Law
The Extradition Act 1962 governs extradition from India. India has bilateral extradition treaties with 47+ countries. High-profile extraditions: Vijay Mallya (UK), Nirav Modi (UK proceedings ongoing), Abu Salem (Portugal). The Supreme Court in Daya Singh Lahoria v. Union of India (2001) held extradition is subject to judicial review for compliance with the Act and treaty.